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Cyware Weekly Cyber Threat Intelligence July 23 - July 27, 2018

Cyware Weekly Cyber Threat Intelligence July 23 - July 27, 2018 - Featured Image

Weekly Threat Briefing Jul 27, 2018

The Good

Another week and security researchers are relentlessly striving to stay ahead of cybercriminals. Researchers at University of Geneva discovered Ytterbium that could change the face of quantum computing. A new method of detecting malicious emails was released. Initiative has been taken by Microsoft, Google, Facebook and Twitter to allow for data sharing across services.

  • In partnership with CNRS, France, researchers at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland discovered a new material. The material contains Ytterbium, an element that can store and protect the fragile quantum information when operating at high frequencies. Ytterbium could change the face of quantum computing in the coming years.

  • A new initiative called Data Transfer Project (DTP) was undertaken by Microsoft, Google, Facebook, and Twitter to simplify data sharing across services. This open-source effort is working towards building tools that enable users to share data directly from one service to another. Thus, users no longer have to download and re-upload information.

  • Google may have proved that security keys are more efficient than multi-factor authentication. Ever since the company’s employees started using physical keys, there hasn’t been a single case of account takeover via phishing.

  • A new method of detecting malicious emails has been released by a group of researchers from Ben-Gurion University. The researchers claim this method has the capability of outperforming 60 top-selling anti-virus programs. By leveraging machine learning algorithms, malicious emails can be detected when used in conjunction with features suggested by related work.

The Bad

This week also saw several breaches resulting in data loss of millions of customers. A healthcare group in Singapore was targeted by cybercriminals who stole information of over a million patients. Threat actors also attacked several law firms and manufacturing companies stealing $14 million and 157GB worth of corporate documents respectively.

  • A security vulnerability in LifeLock’s website might have exposed the email addresses of millions of customers. The vulnerability allowed users with a Web browser to index email addresses of the customers. Cyber criminals could also unsubscribe users from all communications from the company by leveraging this bug.

  • Singapore’s biggest healthcare group, SingHealth, was attacked by cybercriminals who stole non-medical personal information of over a million patients. Singapore's Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong is among the list of victims. Stolen data includes NRIC (National Registration Identity Card) numbers, names, addresses, gender, date of birth and race.

  • Two separate cyber intrusions were recorded targeting a Virginia bank in a period of eight months. Both intrusions resulted in a total loss of $2.4 million. The first breach was recorded in May 2016 when an employee fell victim to a phishing email. The second breach happened in January 2017 after cybercriminals broke into the financial institution’s systems via a phishing email.

  • UK’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) - in a collaborative effort with GCHQ’s cyber arm as well as UK’s legal sector and law enforcement agencies - released reports saying cybercriminals have stolen more than $14 million from clients of law firms. The centre also reported that such attacks have skyrocketed by 200 percent in 2017.

  • Researchers at the Upguard Cyber Risk team discovered that sensitive data belonging to over 100 manufacturing companies including GM, Ford, Toyota, Tesla, Fiat Chrysler, TyssenKrupp and Volkswagen was exposed online. A repository containing 157GB worth of corporate documents was leaked. Exposed data also includes customers information, employees’ personal details and Level One corporate data.

New Threats

New malware, malware variants, and vulnerabilities have been discovered by security researchers. A new exploit kit was found delivering a cryptocurrency miner. A variant of Kronos was found targeting Germany, Poland and Japan, and a fileless threat is being used to execute malicious .NET assemblies. Several vulnerabilities were also discovered in AVTech devices and Apache OpenWhisk.

  • A new exploit kit named Underminer was discovered delivering a bootkit and a cryptocurrency-mining malware named Hidden Mellifera. Underminer has several advanced capabilities including transfering malware via an encrypted transmission control protocol (TCP) tunnel and packaging malicious files with a customized format similar to ROM file system format (romfs).
  • Security researchers at McAfee Labs identified a fileless threat, CactusTorch, used to load and execute malicious .NET assemblies straight from memory. CactusTorch uses the DotNetToJScript technique to carry out its operations. Since DotNetToJScript does not write any part of the malicious .NET assembly on a computer’s hard drive, it is difficult to detect the malware using traditional scanners.
  • Cybercriminals are rebranding the Kronos banking trojan as Osiris. The new variant was discovered by Proofpoint security researchers earlier in July. Osiris is currently being used to launch attacks against victims located in Germany, Poland and Japan.
  • Fourteen unpatched security vulnerabilities have been discovered in the firmware of several AVTech devices. By exploiting these vulnerabilities, a malware author going by the name EliteLands is reportedly building a new botnet dubbed “Death”. Affected AVTech devices include DVRs, NVRs, IP cameras and more.
  • Security bugs present in Apache OpenWhisk have been found to leak sensitive information. The vulnerabilities are tracked as CVE-2018-11756 and CVE-2018-11757. Exploiting these bugs could allow hackers to leak sensitive action data belonging to different end-users and launch attacks at the same time.
  • A new report has revealed that nearly 496 million IoT devices are vulnerable to DNS rebinding attacks, 10-year-old attack technique. The issue not only impact IoT devices but also connected devices including smart TVs, printer, digital assistants, IP phones and more.

Related Threat Briefings

Feb 14, 2025

Cyware Weekly Threat Intelligence, February 10–14, 2025

Cyber defenders are sharpening their tools, and EARLYCROW is the latest weapon against stealthy APT operations. This method detects C2 activity over HTTP(S) using a novel traffic analysis format called PAIRFLOW. India is taking digital banking security up a notch. The RBI is launching a dedicated domain to curb financial fraud and enhance trust in online banking. Starting April 2025, financial institutions will register under this domain. China’s RedMike hackers are dialing into telecom networks - literally. Between December 2024 and January 2025, they targeted over 1,000 unpatched Cisco devices. Their primary focus? Global telecoms and university networks in Argentina, Bangladesh, and the U.S. Russia’s Sandworm hackers are using pirated software as bait. Their latest attack on Ukrainian Windows users disguises malware inside trojanized KMS activators and fake Windows updates. Love is in the air, but so are phishing scams. In late January, cybercriminals launched a Valentine’s-themed phishing campaign, offering fake gift baskets in exchange for stolen credentials. Cybercriminals are upping their game with Astaroth, a phishing kit that doesn’t just steal credentials but also hijacks entire sessions. By using a reverse proxy, Astaroth intercepts logins and 2FA tokens in real time, allowing attackers to bypass security measures undetected. South America’s foreign ministry was caught in the crosshairs of an advanced cyber-espionage campaign. In November 2024, attackers linked to REF7707 deployed the PATHLOADER and FINALDRAFT malware to infiltrate diplomatic networks. A new malware named Ratatouille is stirring up trouble by bypassing UAC and using I2P for anonymous communications. Spreading through phishing emails and fake CAPTCHA pages, it tricks victims into running an embedded PowerShell script.

Feb 7, 2025

Cyware Weekly Threat Intelligence, February 03–07, 2025

PyPI is taking a "dead but not gone" approach to abandoned software with Project Archival, a new system that flags inactive projects while keeping them accessible. Developers will see warnings about outdated dependencies, helping them make smarter security choices and avoid relying on unmaintained code. The U.K is bringing earthquake-style metrics to cybersecurity with its new Cyber Monitoring Centre, designed to track digital disasters as precisely as natural ones. Inspired by the Richter scale, the CMC will quantify cyber incidents based on financial impact and affected users, offering clearer insights for national security planning. Kimsuky is back with another phishing trick, this time using fake Office and PDF files to sneak forceCopy malware onto victims' systems. Its latest campaign delivers PEBBLEDASH and RDP Wrapper by disguising malware as harmless shortcuts, ultimately hijacking browser credentials and sensitive data. Hackers have found a new way to skim credit card data - by hiding malware inside Google Tag Manager scripts. CISA is flagging major security holes in Microsoft Outlook and Sophos XG Firewall, urging agencies to patch them before February 27. One flaw allows remote code execution in Outlook, while another exposes firewall users to serious risks. Bitcoin scammers are switching tactics, swapping static images for video attachments in MMS to make their schemes more convincing. A recent case involved a tiny .3gp video luring victims into WhatsApp groups where scammers apply pressure to extract money or personal data. XE Group has shifted from credit card skimming to zero-day exploitation, now targeting manufacturing and distribution companies. A new version of ValleyRAT is making the rounds, using stealthy techniques to infiltrate systems. Morphisec found the malware being spread through fake Chrome downloads from a fraudulent Chinese telecom site.

Jan 10, 2025

Cyware Weekly Threat Intelligence, January 06–10, 2025

The U.K is fortifying its digital defenses with the launch of Cyber Local, a £1.9 million initiative to bridge cyber skills gaps and secure the digital economy. Spanning 30 projects across England and Northern Ireland, the scheme emphasizes local business resilience, neurodiverse talent, and cybersecurity careers for youth. Across the Atlantic, the White House introduced the U.S. Cyber Trust Mark, a consumer-friendly cybersecurity labeling program for smart devices. Overseen by the FCC, the initiative tests products like baby monitors and security systems for compliance with rigorous cybersecurity standards, ensuring Americans can make safer choices for their connected homes. China-linked threat actor RedDelta has ramped up its cyber-espionage activities across Asia, targeting nations such as Mongolia, Taiwan, Myanmar, and Vietnam with a modified PlugX backdoor. Cybercriminals have weaponized trust by deploying a fake PoC exploit tied to a patched Microsoft Windows LDAP vulnerability. CrowdStrike reported a phishing operation impersonating the company, using fake job offers to lure victims into downloading a fraudulent CRM application. Once installed, the malware deploys a Monero cryptocurrency miner. A new Mirai-based botnet, dubbed Gayfemboy, has emerged as a formidable threat, leveraging zero-day exploits in industrial routers and smart home devices. With 15,000 active bot nodes daily across China, the U.S., and Russia, the botnet executes high-intensity DDoS attacks exceeding 100 Gbps. In the Middle East, fraudsters are posing as government officials in a social engineering scheme targeting disgruntled customers. Cybercriminals have weaponized WordPress with a malicious plugin named PhishWP to create realistic fake payment pages mimicking services like Stripe. The plugin not only captures payment details in real time but also sends fake confirmation emails to delay detection.

Dec 20, 2024

Cyware Weekly Threat Intelligence, December 16–20, 2024

In a digital age where borders are blurred, governments are sharpening their strategies to outpace cyber adversaries. The draft update to the National Cyber Incident Response Plan (NCIRP) introduces a comprehensive framework for managing nationwide cyberattacks that impact critical infrastructure and the economy. Meanwhile, the fiscal year 2025 defense policy bill, recently approved by the Senate, emphasizes strengthening cybersecurity measures both at home and abroad. A deceptive health app on the Amazon Appstore turned out to be a Trojan horse for spyware. Masquerading as BMI CalculationVsn, the app recorded device screens, intercepted SMS messages, and scanned for installed apps to steal sensitive data. Malicious extensions targeting developers and cryptocurrency projects have infiltrated the VSCode marketplace and NPM. Disguised as productivity tools, these extensions employed downloader functionality to deliver obfuscated PowerShell payloads. The BADBOX botnet has resurfaced, compromising over 192,000 Android devices, including high-end smartphones and smart TVs, directly from the supply chain. Industrial control systems are facing heightened risks as malware like Ramnit and Chaya_003 targets engineering workstations from Mitsubishi and Siemens. Both malware families exploit legitimate services, complicating detection and mitigation efforts in ICS environments. The Chinese hacking group Winnti has been leveraging a PHP backdoor called Glutton, targeting organizations in China and the U.S. This modular ELF-based malware facilitates tailored attacks across industries and even embeds itself into software packages to compromise other cybercriminals. A tax-themed phishing campaign, dubbed FLUX#CONSOLE, is deploying backdoor payloads to compromise systems in Pakistan. Threat actors employ phishing emails with double-extension files masquerading as PDFs.

Dec 13, 2024

Cyware Weekly Threat Intelligence, December 09–13, 2024

Cybercrime’s web of deception unraveled in South Korea as authorities dismantled a fraud network responsible for extorting $6.3 million through fake online trading platforms. Dubbed Operation Midas, the effort led to the arrest of 32 individuals and the seizure of 20 servers. In a significant move to combat surveillance abuses, the U.S. defense policy bill for 2025 introduced measures to shield military and diplomatic personnel from commercial spyware threats. The legislation calls for stringent cybersecurity standards, a review of spyware incidents, and regular reporting to Congress. The subtle art of deception found a new stage with a Microsoft Teams call, as attackers used social engineering to manipulate victims into granting remote access. By convincing users to install AnyDesk, they gained control of systems, executing commands to download the DarkGate malware. Russian APT Secret Blizzard has resurfaced and used the Amadey bot to infiltrate Ukrainian military devices and deploy their Tavdig backdoor. In a phishing spree dubbed "Aggressive Inventory Zombies (AIZ)," scammers impersonated brands like Etsy, Amazon, and Binance to target retail and crypto audiences. Surveillance has reached unsettling new depths with the discovery of BoneSpy and PlainGnome, two spyware families linked to the Russian group Gamaredon. Designed for extensive espionage, these Android malware tools track GPS, capture audio, and harvest data. A new Android banking trojan has already caused havoc among Indian users, masquerading as utility and banking apps to steal sensitive financial information. With 419 devices compromised, the malware intercepts SMS messages, exfiltrates personal data via Supabase, and even tricks victims into entering details under the pretense of bill payment. Iranian threat actors have set their sights on critical infrastructure, deploying IOCONTROL malware to infiltrate IoT and OT/SCADA systems in Israel and the U.S.

Dec 6, 2024

Cyware Weekly Threat Intelligence, December 02–06, 2024

NIST sharpened the tools for organizations to measure their cybersecurity readiness, addressing both technical and leadership challenges. The two-volume guidance blends data-driven assessments with managerial insights, emphasizing the critical role of leadership in applying findings. The Manson Market, a notorious hub for phishing networks, fell in a sweeping Europol-led takedown. With over 50 servers seized and 200TB of stolen data recovered, the operation spanned multiple countries, including Germany and Austria. Russian APT group BlueAlpha leveraged Cloudflare Tunnels to cloak its GammaDrop malware campaign from prying eyes. The group deployed HTML smuggling and DNS fast-fluxing to bypass detection, targeting Ukrainian organizations with precision. Earth Minotaur intensified its surveillance operations against Tibetan and Uyghur communities through the MOONSHINE exploit kit. The kit, now updated with newer exploits, enables the installation of the DarkNimbus backdoor on Android and Windows devices. Cloudflare Pages became an unwitting ally in the sharp rise of phishing campaigns, with a staggering 198% increase in abuse cases. Cybercriminals exploited the platform's infrastructure to host malicious pages, fueling a surge from 460 incidents in 2023 to over 1,370 by October 2024. DroidBot has quietly infiltrated over 77 cryptocurrency exchanges and banking apps, building a web of theft across Europe. Active since June 2024, this Android malware operates as a MaaS platform, enabling affiliates to tailor attacks. Rockstar 2FA, a phishing platform targeting Microsoft 365 users, has set the stage for large-scale credential theft. With over 5,000 phishing domains launched, the platform is marketed on Telegram. The Gafgyt malware is shifting gears, targeting exposed Docker Remote API servers through legitimate Docker images, creating botnets capable of launching DDoS attacks.